Flower Gardening Guide

Shade trees

WHEN YOU'RE GROWING TREES FOR SHADE you want to choose trees that spread out a bit, covering a nice wide area with their leafy branches. A tall, thin tree simply won't do the job. Here are some of my favorites. 

These elms grow big

Chinese elms grow quickly, sometimes 1.5 meters a year when young, to an eventual height of 12 to 18 meters. (Most elms grow much taller, reaching 30 meters. An inception is the mushroom-shaped camper down elm, which reaches 6 to 12 meters.) in general, are for large, sunny, well-drained sites where the dappled shade they provide is a pleasure during the warm season, yet doesn't impinge on the rights of sunlovi lig plants nearby They do need fairly regular watering.

Chinese elm

Elm varieties are plentiful, and include Scotch, white, cork, camper down, Dutch, English, rock, and fluttering. The American elm and the English elm, both once extraordinarily popular, have had continuing problems with Dutch elm disease, although semi-resistant strains have been developed. Your local garden centre can advise you on this, as well as recommend the elm best suited for your part of the country

Chinese elm (Ulmus parvifolia), also called Chinese evergreen elm or lacebark elm, is often recommended for its hardiness. It survives nicely in poor, compacted soil, and sustains itself well in both heat and drought. It is also resistant to Dutch elm disease and the hungry elm leaf beetle, making it a super choice for the new gardener.

Do not confuse this sturdy, good-natured shade tree with the brittle Siberian elm, which is not recommended for gardens or street planting. Siberian elm is sometimes — incorrectly— sold as Chinese elm.

The laqered look

Chinese elm gets its "lacebark" nickname from its exfoliating bark. As the tree matures, the outer layer of brown bark sheds here and there, showing jigsaw-puzzle displays of pale yellow inner bark. The result is quite attractive. The leaves of the Chinese elm are rather pretty too, giving a dark green display in spring and summer, and changing to purple and pale yellow in the autumn. This tree may keep its leaves throughout the winter, or drop them, depending on how cold it gets in your neighborhood.

Hackberry

Also called the nettle tree, this elm-like tree is useful for both shade and ornament. Tiny I lowers appear in May, often followed by 5-millimetre orange-red fruit that later becomes dark purple. Birds love the fruit. Leaves on this tree, which reaches 18 meters high in its native America, are shiny, bright green on top and paler green beneath. The back is a grayish-brown with prominent warty or bumpy areas.

A lovely relative of the hackberry (Celtis occidentalis) is the sugar hackberry or Mississippi hackberry (C. laevigata). Like the hackberry, its bark has little distinctive humpy areas. Fruit, which follows rather insignificant May flowers, is tiny and turns limn orange to dark purple.

All hackberries are tough trees, growing well in city conditions or with their roots in ackish water. They grow best in continental climates with hot summers. In Britain 'hey usually form a smaller, multi-stemmed tree.

• Wide-spreading branches, colorful fruit, and a hardy nature make the hackberry (Celtis occidentalis) an excellent shade tree.

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